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“We all need people who will give us feedback. That’s how we improve.”- Bill Gates. Direct corrective feedback gives the opportunity to the students to be aware of their errors and correct them (Jalaludin, 2015). In consequence, students improve their writing because with this type of correction pupils will learn of their errors and they won't make them again. Furthermore, teachers have different types of direct feedback that they can apply according to their students' needs. For this reason, Direct feedback should be applied in class by giving students oral direct feedback, written direct feedback and oral - written direct feedback.
By giving direct feedback, students can improve their writing skills. Direct oral feedback helps students to improve their writing skills by 2.75% (Faris & Samad, 2012). Therefore, when students receive oral direct feedback they can have interaction with the teacher which can be helpful for the pupils in order to have a better comprehension of the corrections. When giving oral direct feedback, every comment during the class can be helpful for students (Hadzic, 2016). When teachers are given explanations to students, students catch the ideas and they increase their knowledge about writing and can correct the errors. Oral direct feedback is not the only way in which teachers can help students to improve their writing, there are other types of direct feedback that educators can use.
Direct feedback should be applied in class by giving students written feedback. Written direct feedback gives students the opportunity to correct immediately their errors because the teacher shows them were all their errors are (Westmacott, 2017). With this type of correction, students will be able to modify and understand why they need to change certain words, phrases, punctuation, etc. and this will help pupils to improve their writing. With direct written feedback students and teachers and students receive an immediate correct answer (Bitchener & Knoch, 2010). In this way, students do not waste time trying to guess or trying to find out where the errors are and why learners need to change some parts. For this reason, direct feedback helps students to take advantage of their time and also they learn in a faster way something that takes more time with indirect feedback.
Giving students written direct feedback should be a technique that teachers apply in class. Written direct feedback helps students to correct immediately their errors because the teacher shows pupils where all their errors are (Westmacott, 2017). With this type of correction, students will be able to modify and understand why they need to change certain words, phrases, punctuation, etc. With direct written feedback, students and teachers can receive an immediate correct answer (Bitchener & Knoch, 2010). By this way, students do not waste time trying to guess or trying to find out where the errors are, and why learners need to change some parts. For this reason, direct feedback helps students to take advantage of their time, and also they learn in a faster way something that takes more time with indirect feedback.
Students should be provided by their teachers with direct feedback by having oral direct feedback, written direct feedback and oral-written direct feedback. When teachers provide students with corrections they will be able to increase their knowledge and the next time pupils will not make the same mistakes. A significant part of the learning process is direct feedback correction and for this reason, direct feedback needs to be an essential part of a class. In short, students need direct feedback in order to improve their writing skills.